The Supreme Court of Brazil

Brazil and the United States have different legal systems. Yet it’s still possible to find similarities, particularly in the judiciary. A good example is the highest court of Brazil, the Supremo Tribunal Federal or STF. From how the court works to how justices are selected, Brazil’s Supreme Court is actually quite similar to the US Supreme Court.

Brazil’s Supreme Court is responsible for hearing cases that involve the alleged violation of the federal Constitution. Cases can be heard by the full court, which is composed of 11 justices, or a smaller group of justices known as a turma. Each turma is composed of 5 justices. No matter whether a case is heard by the full court or a turma, their decision is final. It cannot be appealed. In urgent matters, a single justice may issue a preliminary decision.

Justices must be Brazilian-born and between 35 and 65 years old. They must also have notable legal knowledge and an unblemished reputation. Each justice is nominated by the Brazilian president. Their nomination must also be approved by the Senate, just like in the US. A majority vote of senators is required to appoint a new justice to the bench.

Once appointed, Supreme Court justices in Brazil have life terms. This means they’ll serve until they pass away or retire. Unlike in the US, retirement is a requirement at the age of 75. Finally, every two years, the justices elect a president from amongst themselves to represent the court.

Interested in learning more about the structure of the Brazilian court system? Click HERE to read more.